Activating mutations of the thyrotropin receptor--unanswered questions.

E-Learning: some unanswered questions

The Key Questions Remain Unanswered

First, we described an illustrative notional planning magnitude for each threat based on a stylized threat and risk assessment, while noting that a more comprehensive threat and risk assessments could reveal that these illustrative magnitudes were either too high or too low. Our illustrative threat assessments relied on historical data revealing observed frequencies and consequences of each thr...

Yoga: Some Unanswered Questions

Grover et al (1994) have provided an excellent and thought provoking analysis of the usefulness of yoga in treating neurotic disorders. Some questions however remain. One criticism of psychotherapy is that the criteria for the selection of suitable candidates usually identify patients with good prognostic features-patients who may improve even without any therapeutic intervention. Another criti...

Pregnancy- Some Unanswered Questions

The definition of pregnancy as the state of a female in the time interval between fertilization of her ova and the expulsion of the foetuses at term, lays focus on the maternal organism and casual thinking tends to emphasize maternal physiology and welfare. In part, this is due to the fact that the maternal organism is reasonably accessible for day to day observations and measurements which do ...

Clonal origin of toxic thyroid nodules with constitutively activating thyrotropin receptor mutations.

Constitutively activating TSH receptor mutations have recently been detected in toxic nodules. In vitro studies suggest that mutated receptor signaling constitutively elevates cAMP, which causes hyperfunction and proliferation of thyrocytes. Therefore, toxic nodules with constitutively activating somatic TSH receptor mutations should result from clonal expansion of a single mutated cell. To tes...